John was born on 23 MAR 1699 in Darby, Deleware, PA, USA, the son of William Bartram and Elizah.
He died on 22 SEP 1777 in Kingsessing, Pennsylvania.
He had two marriages/partners. His first wife was Ann Mendenhall, who he married on 11 OCT 1729 in Concord, Chester, Pennsylvania. Their eight known children were James (1730-1824), Moses (1732-1809), Elizabeth (1734-1734), Mary (1736-1817), William (1739-1823), Ann (1741-?), John (1743-1812) and Benjamin (1748-1826).
His second wife was Mary. They were married, but the date and place have not been found. Their two known children were Richard (1724-1728) and Isaac (1725-1801).
| Event | Date | Details | Source | Multimedia | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth | 23 MAR 1699 |
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| Death | 22 SEP 1777 |
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| Burial |
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| Attribute | Date | Description | Details | Source | Multimedia | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National or Tribal Origin | United States of America |
Note 1
!Source: Daniel Shawn Huffman.
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" style="overflow: visible; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; text-transform: none; color: #000000; font: 1.8em/1.3 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; widows: 1; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; padding: 0px;" lang="en">John Bartram</h1>87em/1.6 sans-serif; widows: 1; z-index: 0; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">ree encyclopedia</div>e="overflow: hidden; margin-bottom: 1.4em; height: 0px; margin-top: -1.4em; zoom: 1; -webkit-user-select: none;"> </div>ang="en" dir="ltr">="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="John Bartram [athlete]" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram_[athlete]">John Bartram [athlete]</a>.</div>round-color: #f9f9f9; border: #aaaaaa 1px solid; padding: 0.2em;">n Bartram</span></th></tr>ll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_bartram00.jpg"><img style="vertical-align: middle;" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/John_bartram00.jpg/150px-John_bartram00.jpg" alt="John bartram00.jpg" width="150" height="353" data-file-height="626" data-file-width="266" /></a>bsp;</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Howard Pyle" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Pyle">Howard Pyle</a></div>t-size: 9px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>1699<br /><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Darby, Pennsylvania" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darby,_Pennsylvania">Darby</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Pennsylvania Colony" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_Colony">Pennsylvania Colony</a></td>erted-space"> </span>[aged 78]<br /><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Philadelphia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, Pennsylvania Colony</td>xt-align: left;">Darby Friends Cemetery,<br /><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Darby, Pennsylvania" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darby,_Pennsylvania">Darby, Pennsylvania</a></td>><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="United States" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">American</a></td>r><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" scope="row">Fields</th>parent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Botany" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botany">botanist</a></td>rong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[March 23, 1699 – September 22, 1777] was an early<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="United States" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">American</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Botany" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botany">botanist</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Horticulturist" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horticulturist">horticulturist</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Explorer" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorer">explorer</a>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Carl Linnaeus" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>said he was the "greatest natural botanist in the world."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;"> </p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" style="font-size: 13px; zoom: 1; display: table; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: #aaaaaa 1px solid; padding: 7px;">enter;">line; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;">Contents</h2>nk" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram">hide</a>] </span></div>e-type: none; text-align: left; list-style-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px; padding: 0px;">: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#Early_life"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">1</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">Early life</span></a></li>kground: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#Plant_collecting_activities"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">2</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">Plant collecting activities</span></a></li>em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#Contact_with_other_botanists"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">3</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">Contact with other botanists</span></a></li>l-1 tocsection-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#Family"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">4</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">Family</span></a></li>-1 tocsection-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#See_also"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">5</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">See also</span></a></li>vel-1 tocsection-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#Notes"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">6</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">Notes</span></a></li>-1 tocsection-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#References"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">7</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">References</span></a></li>oclevel-1 tocsection-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#External_links"><span class="tocnumber" style="padding-left: 0px; display: table-cell; padding-right: 0.5em;">8</span><span class="toctext" style="display: table-cell;">External links</span></a></li>
<h2 style="font-size: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="Early_life" class="mw-headline">Early life</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: Early life" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=1">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Religious Society of Friends" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends">Quaker</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>farm family in colonial Pennsylvania. He considered himself a plain farmer, with no formal education beyond the local school. He had a lifelong interest in medicine and medicinal plants, and read widely. His botanical career started with a small area of his farm devoted to growing plants he found interesting; later he made contact with European botanists and gardeners interested in North American plants, and developed his hobby into a thriving business.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="Plant_collecting_activities" class="mw-headline">Plant collecting activities</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: Plant collecting activities" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=2">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>n class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Lake Ontario" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Ontario">Lake Ontario</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in the north, and wrote<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Observations on the Inhabitants, Climate, Soil, Rivers, Productions, Animals, and other Matters Worthy of Notice, made by Mr. John Bartram in his Travels from Pennsylvania to Onondaga, Oswego, and the Lake Ontario, in Canada</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[London, 1751]. During the winter of 1765/66 he visited East<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Florida" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida">Florida</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in the south, and an account of this trip was published with his journal [London, 1766]. He also visited the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Ohio River" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_River">Ohio River</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in the west. Many of his acquisitions were transported to collectors in<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Europe" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe">Europe</a>. In return, they supplied him with books and apparatus.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Bartram, sometimes called the "father of American Botany",<sup id="cite_ref-Goodall2013_4-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-Goodall2013-4">[4]</a></sup><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>was one of the first practicing Linnaean botanists in North America. His plant specimens were forwarded to Linnaeus, Dillenius and Gronovius, and he assisted Linnaeus' student<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Pehr Kalm" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pehr_Kalm">Pehr Kalm</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>during his extended collecting trip to North America in 1748–1750.</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Bartram was aided in his collecting efforts by colonists. In Bartram's<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Diary of a Journey through the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida</em>, a trip taken from July 1, 1765, to April 10, 1766, Bartram wrote of specimens he had collected. In the colony of British<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="East Florida" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Florida">East Florida</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>he was helped by Dr. David Yeats, secretary of the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">His 8-acre [32,000 m<sup style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 1;">2</sup>] botanic garden,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Bartram's Garden" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartram%27s_Garden">Bartram's Garden</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Kingsessing" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsessing">Kingsessing</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>on the west bank of the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Schuylkill River" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schuylkill_River">Schuylkill</a>, about 3 miles [5 km] from the center of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Philadelphia, Pennsylvania" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is frequently cited as the first true botanic collection in North America. He was one of the co-founders, with<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Benjamin Franklin" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, of the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="American Philosophical Society" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society">American Philosophical Society</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in 1743.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></p>
<h2 style="font-size: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="Contact_with_other_botanists" class="mw-headline">Contact with other botanists</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: Contact with other botanists" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=3">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>ass="thumbinner" style="font-size: 13px; overflow: hidden; width: 302px; min-width: 100px; text-align: center; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: #cccccc 1px solid; padding: 3px;"><a class="image" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Bartram_House.JPG"><img class="thumbimage" style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #ffffff; border: #cccccc 1px solid;" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/John_Bartram_House.JPG/300px-John_Bartram_House.JPG" alt="" width="300" height="217" data-file-height="494" data-file-width="683" /></a>"float: right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 0px;"> </div>ticularly instrumental in sending seeds from the New World to European gardeners: many North American trees and flowers were first introduced into cultivation in Europe by this route. Beginning ca. 1733, Bartram's work was assisted by his association with the English merchant<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Peter Collinson [botanist]" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Collinson_[botanist]">Peter Collinson</a>. Collinson, himself a lover of plants, was a fellow Quaker and a member of the Royal Society, with a familiar relationship with its president, Sir Hans Sloane. Collinson shared Bartram's new plants with friends and fellow gardeners. Early Bartram collections went to Lord Petre,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Philip Miller" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Miller">Philip Miller</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>at the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Chelsea Physic Garden" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Physic_Garden">Chelsea Physic Garden</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Mark Catesby" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Catesby">Mark Catesby</a>, the Duke of Richmond, and the Duke of Norfolk. In the 1730s,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Robert James Petre, 8th Baron Petre" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_James_Petre,_8th_Baron_Petre">Robert James Petre, 8th Baron Petre</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of Thorndon Hall, Essex, was the foremost collector of North American trees and shrubs in Europe. Earl Petre's untimely death in 1743 led to his American tree collection being auctioned off to Woburn, Goodwood and other large English country estates; thereafter Collinson became Bartram's chief London agent.</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Bartram's Boxes, as they then became known, were regularly sent to Peter Collinson every fall for distribution in England to a wide list of clients, including the Duke of Argyll, James Gordon, James Lee and John Busch, progenitor of the exotic<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Loddiges" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loddiges">Loddiges</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>nursery in London. The boxes generally contained 100 or more varieities of seeds, and sometimes included dried plant specimens and natural history curiosities as well. Live plants were more difficult and expensive to send and were reserved for Collinson and a few special correspondents.</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">In 1765 after lobbying by Collinson and Benjamin Franklin in London,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="George III of the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom">George III</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>rewarded Bartram a pension of £50 per year as King's Botanist for North America, a post he held until his death. With this position, Bartram's seeds and plants also went to the royal collection at Kew Gardens. Bartram also contributed seeds to the Oxford and Edinburgh botanic gardens. He was elected a foreign member of the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in Stockholm in 1769.</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">Most of Bartram's many plant discoveries were named by botanists in Europe. He is best known today for the discovery and introduction of a wide range of North American flowering trees and shrubs, including kalmia, rhododendron and magnolia species; for introducing the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Dionaea muscipulia</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>or<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Venus flytrap" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_flytrap">Venus flytrap</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>to cultivation; and the discovery of the Franklin Tree,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Franklinia alatamaha" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklinia_alatamaha">Franklinia alatamaha</a></em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in southeastern Georgia in 1765, later named by his son William Bartram. Bartram's name is remembered in the genera of mosses,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Bartramia</em>, and in plants such the North American serviceberry,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Amelanchier bartramiana" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelanchier_bartramiana">Amelanchier bartramiana</a></em>, and the subtropical tree<em><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Commersonia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commersonia">Commersonia</a></em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>bartramia</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Christmas Kurrajong] growing from the Bellinger River in coastal eastern Australia to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Cape York Peninsula" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_York_Peninsula">Cape York</a>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Vanuatu" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Malaysia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia">Malaysia</a>.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="Family" class="mw-headline">Family</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: Family" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=4">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>argin: 0.5em 0px;">Bartram was married twice, first in 1723 to Mary Maris [d. 1727], who bore him two sons, Richard and Isaac. After her death, he married Ann Mendenhall [1703–1789] in 1729, who gave birth to five boys and four girls. His third son,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="William Bartram" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Bartram">William Bartram</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[1739–1823] was to become a famous<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Botanist" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanist">botanist</a>, natural history artist and<a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Ornithologist" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithologist">ornithologist</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in his own right, and was the author of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Travels Through North & South Carolina, Georgia, East & West Florida,….</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Philadelphia, James & Johnson, 1791.</p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;">The family business in North American plants was continued by Bartram's sons John Bartram, Jr. and William Bartram after the American Revolution, and the botanic garden grew through three generations of the Bartram family. Bartram's Garden remained the major botanic garden in Philadelphia until the last Bartram heirs sold out in 1850. The Darby Friends Cemetery in<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Darby, Pennsylvania" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darby,_Pennsylvania">Darby, Pennsylvania</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>contains his grave.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="John Bartram High School" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram_High_School">John Bartram High School</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in Philadelphia is named after him.</p>
<h2 style="font-size: 1.5em; overflow: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: See also" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=5">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>tyle="list-style-type: disc; list-style-image: url['data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A']; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">e Enlightenment" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gardener-botanist_explorers_of_the_Enlightenment">List of gardener-botanist explorers of the Enlightenment</a></li>m: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Franklinia" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklinia">Franklinia</a></li>i style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Humphry Marshall" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphry_Marshall">Humphry Marshall</a></li>s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Say">Thomas Say</a></li>l repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="Notes" class="mw-headline">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: Notes" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=6">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>e-image: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px;">t-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-1"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://freepages.family.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mygermanfamilies/BartramJohn.html" rel="nofollow">John Bartram of Pennsylvania</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>at freepages.family.rootsweb.ancestry.com</span></li>ct: none;"><strong><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-2"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text">Duyker, Edward,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Nature's Argonaut. Daniel Solander 1733–1782</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Melbourne: Miegunyah Press, 1988], p. 66.</span></li>margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><strong><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-3"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><img style="vertical-align: middle;" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" alt="Wikisource-logo.svg" width="12" height="13" data-file-height="430" data-file-width="410" /> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John, eds. [1900]. "<a class="extiw" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366;" title="s:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Bartram, John" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Bartram,_John">Bartram, John</a>".<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography">Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography</a></em>. New York: D. Appleton.</cite></span></li>e="-webkit-user-select: none;"><strong><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-Goodall2013_4-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Jane Goodall [27 August 2013].<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=6RNDza2I_xYC&pg=PT60" rel="nofollow"><em>Seeds of Hope: Wisdom and Wonder from the World of Plants</em></a>. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 60–61.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="International Standard Book Number" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number">ISBN</a> <a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4555-1321-5" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4555-1321-5">978-1-4555-1321-5</a>.</cite></span></li><li id="cite_note-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><span class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><strong><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-5"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.jstor.org/pss/1005551" rel="nofollow">Diary of a Journey through the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida, John Bartram, annotated by Francis Harper, The American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, December 1942, JSTOR</a></span></li>background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-6"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text">Bell, Whitfield J., Jr.,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society</em>, vol. 1, 1743–1768. APS: Philadelphia, 1997, pp. 3–4.</span></li>class="mw-cite-backlink" style="-webkit-user-select: none;"><strong><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-7"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=26405734" rel="nofollow">John Bartram</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>at<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Find a Grave" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_a_Grave">Find a Grave</a></em></span></li>: hidden; font-family: 'Linux Libertine', Georgia, Times, serif; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom: #aaaaaa 1px solid; font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="References" class="mw-headline">References</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: References" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=7">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>st-style-image: url['data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A']; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">rgin-bottom: 0.1em;">Bell, Whitfield J. Bell, Jr.,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Patriort Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society</em>, vol. 1, 1743–1768. [Philadelphia: APS, 1997], "John Bartram [1699–1777], p. 48–62.</li>="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>The Life and Travels of John Bartram: From Lake Ontario to the River St. John.</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Tallahassee: University Presses of Florida, 1982].</li>am 1734–1777.</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1992].</li>ss="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Claus Bernet [2010]. "John Bartram". In Bautz, Traugott.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.bbkl.de/b/bartram_j.shtml" rel="nofollow"><em>Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon [BBKL]</em></a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[in German]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong>31</strong>. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 42–49.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="International Standard Book Number" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number">ISBN</a> <a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-88309-544-8" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-88309-544-8">978-3-88309-544-8</a>.</cite></li>-converted-space"> </span><em>Memorials of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall.</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849].</li>argin-bottom: 0.1em;"><cite class="citation news" style="word-wrap: break-word;">Hobbs, Christopher [1991]. "The medical botany of John Bartram.".<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>Pharmacy in history</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong>33</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[4]. pp. 181–89.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="PubMed Identifier" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier">PMID</a> <a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11612729" rel="nofollow">11612729</a>.</cite></li>ohn C, eds. [2004].<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=C9X4663giukC" rel="nofollow"><em>America's Curious Botanist: A Tercentennial Reappraisal of John Bartram 1699–1777</em></a>. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: The American Philosophical Society.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="International Standard Book Number" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number">ISBN</a> <a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Special:BookSources/087169249X" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/087169249X">087169249X</a>.</cite></li>ane,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>One hundred and one botanists</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Iowa State University Press, 1994], pp. 80–81.</li>ge.</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 264. [Philadelphia: APS, 2008].</li>lass="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em>The Brother Gardeners: Botany, Empire and the Birth of an Obsession.</em><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[London: William Heinemann, 2008].</li>font-weight: normal; color: #000000; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px;"><span id="External_links" class="mw-headline">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection" style="font-size: small; font-family: sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; display: inline-block; line-height: 1em; -webkit-user-select: none;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-right: 0.25em;">[</span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Edit section: External links" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Bartram&action=edit&section=8">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" style="color: #555555; margin-left: 0.25em;">]</span></span></h2>Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A']; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;">366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1975/3/1975_3_66.shtml" rel="nofollow">The Memorable Bartrams.</a></li>="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.bartramsgarden.org/" rel="nofollow">John Bartram's house and garden.</a></li>13px;" href="http://www.bartramtrail.org/pages/biography/bio3.html" rel="nofollow">John Bartram biographical information</a></li>-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/hort/history/145.html" rel="nofollow">Small biography of Bartram</a></li> 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www2.hsp.org/collections/manuscripts/b/Bartram0036.XML" rel="nofollow">Bartram Family Papers</a>, including correspondence, journey observations, illustrations and his pharmacopoeia, are available for research use at the<a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Historical Society of Pennsylvania" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_Society_of_Pennsylvania">Historical Society of Pennsylvania</a>.</li> 2px solid; border-right: #dddddd 0px solid; border-bottom: #dddddd 2px solid; padding-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: left; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0px; border-left: #dddddd 0px solid; padding-right: 0px;">The standard<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="List of botanists by author abbreviation" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_botanists_by_author_abbreviation">author abbreviation</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span class="vcard"><span class="fn n"><span class="nickname">Bartram</span></span></span></strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is used to indicate this individual as the author when<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Author citation [botany]" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Author_citation_[botany]">citing</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="Botanical name" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical_name">botanical name</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_note-8">[1]</a></sup></div>ing: 0px; margin: 1em auto auto; border: #aaaaaa 1px solid; padding: 1px;"> background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-spacing: 0px;">t; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-left: 1em; line-height: 1.5em; padding-right: 1em;" scope="row"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Help:Authority control" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control">Authority control</a></th>fd; width: 907px; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom-color: #fdfdfd; text-align: left; border-left: #fdfdfd 2px solid; border-right-color: #fdfdfd; line-height: 1.5em; padding: 0px;">ft: 0px; list-style-image: url['data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A']; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px;">argin: 0px; display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/24697168" rel="nofollow">WorldCat Identities</a></span></li>="white-space: nowrap;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Virtual International Authority File" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File">VIAF</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/24697168" rel="nofollow">24697168</a></span></span></li>margin: 0px; display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Library of Congress Control Number" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number">LCCN</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n50018648" rel="nofollow">n50018648</a></span></span></li>%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="International Standard Name Identifier" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier">ISNI</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000083653461" rel="nofollow">0000 0000 8365 3461</a></span></span></li>ecoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Integrated Authority File" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File">GND</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/119210401" rel="nofollow">119210401</a></span></span></li>p;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="LIBRIS" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIBRIS">SELIBR</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/250518" rel="nofollow">250518</a></span></span></li>xt-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Système universitaire de documentation" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation">SUDOC</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.idref.fr/033681376" rel="nofollow">033681376</a></span></span></li>y: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France">BNF</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124524284" rel="nofollow">cb124524284</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124524284" rel="nofollow">[data]</a></span></span></li> style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #0b0080;" title="Union List of Artist Names" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_List_of_Artist_Names">ULAN</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500254227" rel="nofollow">500254227</a></span></span></li>80;" title="Author citation [botany]" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Author_citation_[botany]">Botanist</a>:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="uid"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Bartram" rel="nofollow">Bartram</a></span></span></li>age: none; margin: 0.3em 0px 0.5em 3.2em; padding: 0px;">coration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bartram#cite_ref-8"><span class="cite-accessibility-label" style="overflow: hidden; clip: rect[1px 1px 1px 1px]; height: 1px !important; width: 1px !important; position: absolute !important; top: -99999px; -webkit-user-select: none; border: 0px; padding: 0px !important;">Jump up</span>^</a></strong></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation" style="word-wrap: break-word;"><a class="external text" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px;" href="http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Bartram" rel="nofollow">"Author Query for 'Bartram<span style="padding-right: 0.2em;">'</span>"</a>.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><em><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #0b0080;" title="International Plant Names Index" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index">International Plant Names Index</a></em>.</cite></span></li>l></div>